Social Responsibility, Consumerism, and the Marketing Concept

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, CONSUMERISM, AND THE MARKETING CONCEPT Robert D. Winsor, Loyola Marymount University ABSTRACT This paper looks at the regularly reprimanded â€Å"selling orientation† or â€Å"selling concept† with the usually lauded â€Å"societal promoting idea â€Å"from the points of view of customer discernment and persuasibility. It is recommended that the two directions see purchasers as generally unreasonable and as effectively inclined to control by advertisers. The ramifications of this similitude are investigated from the viewpoints of commercialization and social duty. INTRODUCTIONCritics of advertising have reliably assaulted the control for limiting buyers' insight and limit with regards to discerning decision and for purposely bewildering buyers in their endeavors to make judicious, educated, unprejudiced, and free monetary decisions. Simultaneously, cultural patterns have pushed U. S. organizations toward expanding worry for social issues and reg ard for since quite a while ago run purchaser government assistance. The previously mentioned reactions and weights for expanding social obligation are to a great extent driven by a similar social ideal models and constituents.Yet, it is critical that a definitive aftereffect of an extended social duty of business is the accompanying diminishment of free customer decision. Additionally, this impediment of shopper caution is the unavoidable outcome of assumptions of buyer silliness. Along these lines, while gatherings, for example, consumerists have regularly reprimanded advertisers unequivocally for dismissing ideas of shopper judiciousness, these equivalent gatherings and suppositions have mightily advanced the social duty of business and the cultural showcasing idea as progressions in business suspected and practice.As an outcome, inconsistencies can be believed to exist inside the consumerist plan, and are evident (however unacknowledged) in the â€Å"societal promoting conceptà ¢â‚¬  and calls for expanding the obligation of business toward social issues and concerns. The objective of this paper is to uncover these logical inconsistencies and to expand upon their suggestions for business and society as a rule. THE EVOLUTION OF THE MARKETING CONCEPT In January of 1960, the advertising discipline entered another age.In this year, we were given no historic hypothesis, no spearheading technique, no splendid adjustment of another order's build, and no stupendous award. We were, nonetheless, given something we would come to love considerably more profoundly than any of these. We were given a raison d'etre and a philosophical establishment. It was on this date the Journal of Marketing distributed an article by Robert Keith (1960) entitled â€Å"The Marketing Revolution. What's more, since its distribution, advertisers have had the option to feel defended in accepting that their endeavors were basic, however that they have been instrumental in realizing clearing enhancements in the advancement of business practice. In spite of the fact that the transformation depicted by Keith has been subdued to turn into the â€Å"evolution† of the promoting idea, and the generalizablity of the advancement it portrayed has been addressed by a few (e. g. Fullerton, 1988), the change in American business depicted by Keith's model has regardless filled in as a wellspring of clarification and support for promoting academicians.The â€Å"post-evolution† advertisers have been loaned a level of respect and a feeling of direction which was prominently missing previously. Before this date, advertisers were seen to be, best case scenario pointless, and at the very least untrustworthy or corrupt. Not that the normal resident thinks about showcasing in any extraordinary light today, however the faith in an advancement of the advertising idea has permitted the scholarly promoting network a specific level of sense of pride. In his article, Keith depicted four â€Å"eras† or times of thought and practice through which his association, The Pillsbury Company, progressed.Keith accepted that these periods were normal for most organizations which were peers of Pillsbury, and in this manner conjectured that a general development was in proof. Since the distribution of Keith's article, different essayists have adjusted, refined, and broadened the essential postulation propelling this transformative procedure: The most important and notable of these portrayals is that of Philip Kotler. Kotler depicts five elective ideas or methods of reasoning through which most organizations have evolved.Although any given business can work under any of the ways of thinking, the fundamental statute of the development postulation is that these ways of thinking structure a chain of command, with later ways of thinking being better than those of prior times (Keith, 1960; Kotler, 1994). The suggestion is that to move from a lower level (prior) reasoning to that on a more elevated level (later) isn't just canny, yet additionally great business. The principal periods or business methods of reasoning are named the â€Å"product† and the â€Å"production† concepts.The item idea underscores item quality as well as execution, and expect that probably a few shoppers are sufficiently learned to perceive and regard unrivaled traits in these territories. The creation idea centers upon frameworks for delivering huge volumes of items with an end goal to drive down expenses by abusing economies of scale. This way of thinking depends on the supposition that most customers perceive, however incline toward high worth (benefits †value) contributions and are learned and judicious in choosing among elective products.A later time is known as the selling idea, and depends on the reason that purchasers are moderately clueless with respect to item characteristics, or base their determination upon design or other â€Å"non-rationalâ⠂¬  measures. In addition, this direction accept that customers are effectively affected. Thus, associations utilizing the selling idea commonly resort to forceful selling and limited time endeavors, with the objective of alluring or constraining clients into buying the item. A significantly higher plane of illumination is spoken to by the advertising idea era.The showcasing idea is viewed as a quantum jump up the transformative order, and keeps on being grasped by an incredible number of promoting researchers and organizations. The advertising idea â€Å"holds that the way to accomplishing authoritative objectives comprises in deciding the requirements and needs of target showcases and conveying the ideal fulfillments more adequately and proficiently than competitors† (Kotler, 1994, p. 18; 1977a). The proverb of the promoting idea is â€Å"find a need and fill it,† and its philosophy is â€Å"The Customer is King. Like the item and creation ideas, however dissimilar to the selling idea, the showcasing idea is established upon the supposition that shoppers are proficient, keen, and levelheaded, and base their item buys upon a cautious thought of the connection between their own needs and item traits. Accordingly, the basic reason of the showcasing idea turns into an emphasis on the shopper as the crucial point for all business movement (Barksdale and Darden, 1971).The reasoning basic the promoting idea was upheld as right on time as the 1940's and 1950's (Samli, Palda, and Barker, 1987; Bell and Emory, 1971). In 1958 the term â€Å"marketing concept† was authored to depict the way of thinking behind this methodology (see McKitterick, 1958), and â€Å"by 1965 for all intents and purposes all basic promoting writings incorporated some conversation of the ‘new' advertising concept† (Bell and Emory, 197 1). The explanation that the advertising idea was viewed as a significant forward leap in business reasoning is that it spoke t o the direct opposite of the item, creation, and selling concepts.Rather than taking a current item and trying to alter interest for it by including highlights, diminishing cost, or fluctuating limited time method, the promoting idea holds that organizations should initially decide the current needs in the commercial center and afterward structure and produce an item to fulfill this need. In this sense the promoting idea is driven by the requirements of the commercial center, as opposed to the current capacities of the firm.The fifth, and as far as anyone knows most noteworthy phase of advancement in advertising ways of thinking is the thing that Kotler expressions the cultural showcasing idea. In every one of his compositions referencing the promoting idea, Kotler (1972, 1977b, 1994) unmistakably expresses his conviction that the cultural advertising idea exemplifies a higher and increasingly edified plane of showcasing thought and practice, and recommends this new idea speaks to a n endeavor to fit the objectives of business to the once in a while clashing objectives of society.As such, it hypothesizes that the â€Å"the association's errand is to decide the necessities, needs, and premiums of target markets and to convey the ideal fulfillments more viably and proficiently than rivals such that jam or upgrades the buyer's and society's prosperity (Kotler, 1994, p. 29). It ought to be noticed that the cultural showcasing idea is established upon one prevailing and basic proposition.This is the presumption that â€Å"consumers' needs don't generally match with their since quite a while ago run premiums or society's for some time run interests,† and that, given this, advertisers should put the â€Å"emphasis on ‘long-run buyer and cultural well being† (Kotler, 1977b). Subsequently, the cultural advertising idea speaks to a support and legitimization for the social obligation of business in contemporary society, and a nullification of Milton Friedman's notorious declaration that â€Å"the social duty of business is to make a profit† (Friedman, 1962). THE CONSUMERISM MOVEMENT AS THE CATALYST FOR THESOCIETAL MARKETING CONCEPT The most recent industrialism development is a reason that has been amassing energy for more than 30 years in th

Reasons to Write Properly

Motivations to Write Properly Motivations to Write Properly Motivations to Write Properly By Michael For what reason is it essential to compose accurately, to utilize standard syntax, spelling, and accentuation? Since you need individuals to get you, that's it in a nutshell. For what reason are the demanding subtleties significant? In the event that my feature had said Write Good, wouldnt you comprehend that I implied Write Well? Perhaps along these lines, however its less diverting and more clear on the off chance that I state it effectively. For a brief instant or more, some portion of your brain would be befuddled, thinking about whether I was urging you to expound on beneficial things or something. Unquestionably some portion of your brain would ask why you were seeing terrible punctuation in Daily Writing Tips. At the point when my associate Mark attempted it as a joke, individuals took note. It is safe to say that you are seeing my point? Researchers talk about prescriptive syntax and distinct language. Prescriptive language structure implies the manner in which individuals should compose. That has here and there been confused. As of late as the nineteenth century, a few researchers encouraged that English ought to observe the standards of Latin since I cannot think about a valid justification now. Then again, clear language structure implies the manner in which individuals really compose, and that is difficult to contend with. In any case, isnt there an association? Youre expected to compose the manner in which individuals really compose, on the grounds that its more obvious that way. What's more, since sentence structure changes throughout the hundreds of years, punctuation books do change as the language changes. Where understudies and educators get into contradictions is the point at which the youngsters demand that the manner in which they compose is presently right. More seasoned instructors can review saying something very similar when they were youthful, however by and large, being off-base. The slang of their childhood didnt become a lasting piece of the English language. A few understudies may state, I dont need to adhere to no made-up rules! On the off chance that they state that, they are utilizing a twofold negative, which was right in Old English, before 1000 AD. From that point onward, it was not, at this point right. My recommendation: if English speakers have been adhering to a standard for a thousand years, you should tail it as well. Individuals are most likely accustomed to it. Perceiving an example makes perusing simpler, and that incorporates examples of punctuation and spelling. Obviously, we perceive letters from their shape. Its conceivable to peruse a line of content that is feeling the loss of the base portion of each letter, yet hard to peruse it without the top half. Yet, look into additionally recommends that the state of a word causes us to remember it. Indeed, even without my glasses, I can see that circle starts with a rising letter and finishes with a plummeting letter it inclines down while pool slants up. At the point when you type in ALL CAPS, each letter is a similar tallness, so it not just looks like youre yelling, it additionally makes it a lot harder to peruse. Certain pieces of agreements are legitimately required to be prominent, so they are frequently promoted. In any case, why? All things considered, placing them in strong or bigger sort is additionally prominent. Lawyer Matthew Butterick, the creator of Typography for Lawyers, says, All-tops paraâ ­graphs are a case of self-defeatâ ­ing typogâ ­raâ ­phy. Perusers definitely skirt the most significant parts in light of the fact that they’re so difficult to peruse. I trust legal counselors dont compose Terms of Service taking all things together tops to shield us from understanding them. My point: our minds comprehend things all the more effectively on the grounds that they fit our desires. The explanation I attempt to utilize appropriate language structure, spelling, and accentuation isn't to intrigue my fourth grade instructor Mrs. Cascales. Tsk-tsk, her jazz piano has been quiet for a long time, and she is done checking my composition for botches. No, I attempt to compose effectively on the grounds that its simpler to peruse, on the grounds that youve seen it composed that way (AKA composed accurately) previously. Some of the time even minor linguistic decisions can make perusing more slow or quicker. I gave one model in my article Is That a Noun or a Verb? I’m Confused. At the point when you dont need to battle with understanding my spelling or accentuation, you can concentrate on understanding my significance. Individuals judge you by your language. In an article in the Harvard Business Review, Good Grammar Should Be Everyone’s Business, Brad Hoover of Grammarly contemplated 100 LinkedIn profiles, all local English-speakers, all working in the purchaser bundled products industry, with three bosses or less in the initial 10 years of their professions. He found the ones with less language structure blunders in their profile were elevated to chief level or above inside those 10 years, while the other half were most certainly not. In the melodic My Fair Lady, Professor Higgins brings up a lower-class bloom young lady and tells Colonel Pickering, If you talked as she does, sir, rather than the manner in which you do, why, you may be selling blossoms as well. At the point when you forget about highlights in your composing that youngsters learn in grade school, for example, accentuation and capitalization, your perusers will expect that you didnt complete evaluation school. Im not contending for lifted up language, however for clear correspondence. Enormous words can be as uncertain as meager words. Some scholarly composing styles dont impart all the more obviously, yet just demonstrate that you are a scholastic. Instructors and educators need to battle against spreading it. The ill-advised utilization of uninvolved voice is the most popular side effect: It has been shown by Jenkins that rather than Jenkins demonstrates that Weve composed a few articles to assist you with dealing with your utilization of detached voice, for example, Passive Writing and 7 Examples of Valid Passive Construction. At the point when I was working for a telephone organization, a more established doctor called about a startling bill he got. He stated, This won't be dispensed. I couldnt oppose saying, Oh, you mean you wont take care of the tab? Obviously and shockingly, he had been instructed to utilize language as a hindrance, to keep his patients in their place so they wouldn t question the bills he sends. Theres nothing amiss with short words. Some long words are utilized explicitly to shield from expressing reality straightforwardly. Humorist George Carlin brought up that what was called shell stun in the First World War became fight weariness in the Second. Four syllables currently, says Carlin. Takes somewhat longer to state. Doesn’t appear to hurt so a lot. Weakness is a more pleasant word than stun. An enterprise doesn't terminate a worker; it organizes an arranged flight or makes a workforce irregularity rectification. Seemingly insignificant details can have huge outcomes including accentuation. Lynne Truss, English creator and supporter, takes note of that the 1905 October insurgency in Russia started when Bolshevik printers requested to be paid a similar rate for accentuation stamps with respect to letters. Bracket facilitated a BBC Radio communicate about accentuation, Cutting a Dash, which prompted a smash hit book in 2003. The title of the book, Eats, Shoots Leaves: The Zero Tolerance Approach to Punctuation, originates from a joke: A panda strolls into a bar. He arranges a sandwich, eats it, pulls out a firearm, and discharge two shots. The stunned barkeep asks him for what good reason. The panda tosses him an inadequately punctuated natural life manual. Im a panda, he says, Look it up, and exits the entryway. Sufficiently sure, the passage for Panda peruses, Large highly contrasting bear-like vertebrate, local to China. Eats, shoots and leaves. Here you see that an additional comma can prompt expanded weapon viciousness. Bracket additionally composed childrens books: Twenty-Odd Ducks: Why, Every Punctuation Mark Counts (2008) The Girls Like Spaghetti: Why, You Cant Manage Without Apostrophes! (2007). Notice that in each title, evacuating two accentuation stamps totally changes the importance. Simply after Eats, Shoots Leaves went to press (normally), Truss discovered subtleties on another story she wished she could have remembered for her book. It concerned New England trader Timothy Dexter (Newburyport, Massachusetts, 1748-1806), who composed a leaflet called A Pickle for the Knowing Ones, utilizing his own one of a kind spelling and no accentuation. At the rear of his subsequent release, he incorporated this note: Nowing ones complane of my book the fust version had no stops I put in a Nuf here and thay may peper and solt it as they plese I cannot be sure, yet think he implied, Realizing Ones gripe of my book. The primary version had no stops [periods]. I put in enough here, and they may pepper and salt it however they see fit. It was trailed by a page of accentuation marks for their utilization. The issue is that appropriate accentuation, spelling, and sentence structure are not fixings that can be included or forgotten about an impulse. Not trying to get them right might be simpler on the essayist, yet harder on the peruser. I think Dexters note demonstrates my point, however I cannot be sure, on the grounds that Im not totally sure what he was attempting to state. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities every day! Continue learning! Peruse the Writing Basics classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:Writing a Reference Letter (With Examples)Rules for Capitalization in Titles13 Theatrical Terms in Popular Usage

Veterans and Admission

Veterans and Admission August 22 At Ivy Coach, we work with select veterans and members of our military each year on a pro bono basis. They are the only students whom we work with on a pro bono basis. For many years, weve helped a few select students every year gain admission on a pro bono basis to the colleges of their dreams. Some of  these students were from low-income families (we once had a remarkably impressive homeless young man who juggled his way into Harvardliterally!).  Some were underrepresented minorities. Some were the first in their families to attend college. And some were veterans. But as our business took off, we couldnt accommodate all of the requests for pro bono admissions help. Too many emails. Too many calls. At the end of the day, after all, we are a business. And, frankly, we dont like receiving unsolicited  calls. There, we said it. Were very reachable via email! Its not like we dont let our visitors know this on our homepage. In fact, our new homepage will have a line that reads, To paraphrase the great Nelson Mandela, dont call us, well [email] you. And so, some time ago, we decided that our pro bono services would be reserved exclusively for select veterans and members of our military. We always found that the veterans and members of our military whom we worked with on a pro bono basis were so  incredibly impressive. And they were appreciative of our help. Were glad we made this decision, because each veteran we work with reminds us why we do what we do. The incredible story of the three intrepid Americans with full hearts, two of whom are servicemen, who overtook a terrorist on a train headed for Paris reminds us once again why we work with those whove served. And our pro bono services are of course available to these men whove made our country so proud should they wish to pursue their educations at top universities after their service. So, to our veterans, feel free to reach out to us as you seek to gain admission to a highly selective college. Maybe youve completed  some college coursework at a school that isnt particularly selective. Maybe you havent completed any college coursework. Maybe you never took the SAT or ACT. In any case, wed be happy to set up a free 20-minute consultation to hear your story and see if we can be of assistance. In the words of Zac Brown Band,  I thank god for my life;  And for the stars and stripes;  May freedom forever fly, let it ring;  Salute the ones who died;  The ones that give their lives;  So we dont have to sacrifice;  All the things we love.

Comparing Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy and...

In the field of philosophy there can be numerous answers to a general question, depending on a particular philosophers views on the subject. Often times an answer is left undetermined. In the broad sense of the word and also stated in the dictionary philosophy can be described as the pursuit of human knowledge and human values. There are many different people with many different theories of knowledge. Two of these people, also philosophers, in which this paper will go into depth about are Descartes and Plato. Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy and Platos The Republic are the topics that are going to be discussed in this paper. In Meditations, Descartes brings doubt to everything he believes because it is human nature†¦show more content†¦Descartes also finds that anything that exists physically is false, even including his own body. The only things we should trust are those beliefs that can be held up to rational scrutiny. Thus Descartes doubts everything but himself, he feels himself is the only thing in this life which cannot be proven false. He states that if he had no knowledge of himself than nothing can be certain. If he himself can doubt than he must exist and in cannot be proven false. Another proof that he exists is that in order to be deceived one must be able to exist. Descartes states in his famous quote, I think, therefore I am. What was just explained above is Descartes first step to gaining knowledge, that is to build on what you know is certain and use yourself as the foundations. Now his second step he tries to show how we know bodies through reason and now through our senses. He uses a piece of wax to demonstrate this theory. A piece of wax place by a fire will in time change form and shape and thus lose all its specific properties, yet it is still known as wax. In order to understand what wax is you must be able to know it in all its forms and anticipate its changes. But Descartes argues that the shapes and forms that the wax could take are infinite. Thus, one can only know what an object is through understanding, rather thanShow MoreRelatedComparing The Matrix With Readings From Plato And Descartes1023 Words   |  5 PagesComparing and contrasting The Matrix with readings from Plato and Descartes This essay will discuss The Matrix, from synopsis of the following; The Republic by Plato, depicting the famous cave allegory, and Meditations on First Philosophy by Descartes, offering doubt that some senses are accurate. By examining these two readings, and the movie, it will allow the author to show some comparisons, and to show how they are also different as this essay indicates the world is very real. Read MorePlatos The Last Days of Socrates: Phaedo, Wisdom, and the Soul2420 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿Read the following in Platos The Last Days of Socrates: Phaedo Wisdom and the Soul Plato sees death as a good thing and the way we can understand this is by reference to the Platonic forms. The platonic forms are the essence of the abstract; they are the purity and the true Good that are clouded by materialism. For instance, we have beauty that is hidden in aesthetic objects (or in love); we have Justice, Truth, and many other Ideals. Access to these Ideals affords us true bliss and Knowledge

Leadership Styles Essay - 686 Words

Leadership Styles For many years, people have wondered what makes a good leader. Is it the environment that they are born into or are they made into good leader, who knows. I believe that we cannot give a clear definition of what makes a leader. According to (Kinicki Kreitner, 2009, p. 346) leadership is defined as â€Å"a social influence process in which the leader seeks the voluntary participation of subordinates in an effort to reach organizational goals. So what is my leadership style? I believe that I have several leadership styles. One of my leadership styles is Servant-Leadership. Servant-Leadership is defined as focuses on increased service to others rather than to oneself (Kinicki Kreitner, 2009, p. 365-66). I stated this†¦show more content†¦I also feel that I am a motivational leader. Many of my clients see their lives as meaningless however, as bring a product of the same environment I share my story with them to show them that we are not all that difference. For example, one of my clients came into to the office to see me not because she did it on her own but because she is in jeopardy of losing her housing if she is not working at least 15 hours a week. Well as I spoke to her, she informed me that she is 27 with three children and has never worked. She did not feel that she needed to work because she has been living off the system for so long. As I talked to her more, I realize that she just did not have any positive people in her live. I begin to tell her my story of how I was a teen mom but I had a goal in my head to do something with my life. After talking to me for about an hour and half I got her to good back to school and seek part-time employment. Some people just need to hear that â€Å"yes you can†, I believe in you†, or just anything positive. Finally, I believe that I am a directive Leader. I give my clients motivation but I am direct on what it is that I need from them. 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Usability Testing for Nielsen & Molich Heuristic- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theUsability Testing for Nielsen Molich Heuristic. Answer: Introduction For the evaluation of the usability of the wireframe designs the Nielsen Molich heuristic approach is being adopted. The testing would help in deciding upon the efficiency of the interface design. Visibility of system status The visibility of the system is efficiently designed. The system provides the user with the efficient information on each and every screen and provides efficient information to the user about the content of the page and provide details about the different criteria of the page such as the cart information and order details. These are updated on their own and helps the users understand the status of the process they are involved in. Match between system and the real world The match in between the system and the real world is also efficiently done. The system display message such as Welcome message for the user and also commands that helps the user in navigating through the systems. User control and freedom The design lacks in this aspect as the design does not indicate any actions that would provide the user with the user control and freedom option. In addition to this there are no emergency exists in the design and neither is there a scope to include a redo and undo feature in the design. Consistency and standards The design generally follows the platform conventions. They maintain the actual flow of a general application. The design elements also are made according to the conventional design standards. The homepage in the design displays the introduction followed by the login features and login details. In addition to this, the registration page for the system comes after the login page and this maintains the conventional approach to designing. This helps in maintaining the conventions used for the designing of the interfaces. Error prevention The error preventing option is implemented in the system to some extent. The error message Hi, Please login to use the app. You can register by clicking on the user icon above. Provides the information to the user about the login functionality of the system. This displays that the user cannot use the features of the application unless they login the systems. However, there are no additional error prevention features displayed in the design. Hence this feature is partially included in the design. Recognition rather than recall The application does not involve any concept in which the user is required to remember any of their previous action on the system. However the design displays that the user is guided in each and every step by the application itself and hence, the recognition rather than recall feature is maintained by the application. Flexibility and efficiency of use The concept of the design does not include any scope for an experienced user or an intermediate user. The system is a general e-commerce site and hence, there are scope for the evaluation of the website in this criteria. However in and an e-commerce system the experiences buyers or the frequent buyers are provided with additional benefits however no such options are presented in the design. Additionally an experienced buyer would also be able to get an information or product more easily rather an inexperienced user. Hence, the design should not be evaluated in this criteria. Aesthetic and minimalist design The design is provide with an Aesthetic and minimalist design as the dialogues in the system does not contain any irrelevant content or content that is rarely needed. The irrelevant information make website of the system large and slows down the system. Hence, the system design is efficient in this aspect. Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors The system Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors, there are no additional codes that the user has to go through in the error detection methods. The system also provides a constructive suggestion for the solution to the error and also displays the relevant discussions for the error. The example taken here for this context is of the error message Hi, Please login to use the app. You can register by clicking on the user icon above. Hence, the system is efficient in this regard. Help and documentation The design contains the testimonial and contact us sections. This would help the user in guiding through the website. However there are no documentation feature that would help the user in navigation through the system. Hence, this aspect of the design is partially met. However there is additional scope for improvement in this sector of the interface design. Bibliography Ali, A., Alrasheedi, M., Ouda, A., Capretz, L. F. (2015). A study of the interface usability issues of mobile learning applications for smart phones from the users perspective. arXiv preprint arXiv:1501.01875. Bader, F., Schn, E. M., Thomaschewski, J. (2017). Heuristics Considering UX and Quality Criteria for Heuristics. International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, 4(6), 48-53. Hermawati, S., Lawson, G. (2015). A User-Centric methodology to Establish usability heuristics for specific domains. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Ergonomics Human Factors (p. 8085). Reynaga, G., Chiasson, S., van Oorschot, P. C. (2015, July). Heuristics for the evaluation of captchas on smartphones. In Proceedings of the 2015 British HCI Conference (pp. 126-135). ACM.

Significance of Selling Online Research Paper Example

Significance of Selling Online Paper Selling online can revolutionize your business. An online storefront has a number of very powerful advantages over a brick-and-mortar location that can yield big dividends for surprisingly little investment of time and money. Even if you have a physical shop, an online store can be a big help in marketing your business, as well a being a supplementary sales outlet that can add to your bottom line. The benefits of opening an online store are endless: 1 . Reduce your costs – setup and operational costs are much less than selling from a hysterical store, directly improving your bottom line. There is no rent to pay, you hire less personnel, and so forth. 2. Simplify your sales processes – using simple automation, customer orders can go directly to your products database and into the shipping queue. With a well-designed online store you can improve your sales processes considerably, reducing your costs further or selling more products per transaction. 3. Go global overnight – increase sales opportunities by gaining instant access to a wider marketplace. Sell to the entire country and even abroad! 4. You can sleep but your store never will – with your online shop open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, you increase the number of customers who can shop your selection, further increasing your opportunity for sales. As the internet is growing and increasing on a daily basis and computers being in every home the ability to buy and sell directly online has become the internet number one commodity. We will write a custom essay sample on Significance of Selling Online specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Significance of Selling Online specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Significance of Selling Online specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer People from all countries, cities within Canada, the USA and the rest of the world are buying and selling online. People love shopping but a lot people do not have time to go to a shopping mall, they do not have time to waste riving to and from stores. Online buying and selling is the way to start freeing up more time to do other things with families and friends. The advantages of buying online are that it is quick, prices are usually lower priced, descriptions and comments can be seen by past customers. There is a large number of people buying online and if they are all satisfied you will be too. The advantage of buying online can be that you are not physically able to touch the product and it usually takes a few days for delivery. The advantages of selling online is that you are able to reach a large audience, you are able to sell multiple items at low low costs without having a store and at times without even having a product or service. The disadvantages of selling online is that your customers may find lower prices at other competitors, the internet is a large place and you have to carve out a niche market for you and your online products and services. Selling online has a number of advantages over selling by conventional methods, including: * Making savings in set-up and operational costs. You don’t need to pay shop assistants, rent high-street premises, or answer a lot of pre-sales queries. Reducing order-processing costs – customer orders can automatically come straight into your orders database from the website. * Reaching a global audience, thereby increasing sales opportunities. * Competing with larger businesses by being able to open 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Being able to receive payment more quickly from online transactions. * Attracting customers who would not normally have investigated your type of high-street outlet. * Improving your offerings using the data gathered by tracking customer purchases. * Using your online shop as a catalogue for existing customers. Selling over the internet is not very much different from selling on the counter. It is more or less the same thing. Selling through inter net has lots of challenges and requires lots of efforts and patience. But people think that online business is relatively simple and Just dunk into it. Elf you run your own business, then you probably know that getting customers is not that easy task. It is no different if you are running the business online. Getting customers for your business is always a tedious task. In some of the cases, it is even more difficult to get online business as there eight not be enough traffic on that site. Elf you know how to market your business, you can easily sell online. Then you do not need any web experience or programming knowledge. But you need to have some common sense and need to be a business fanatic. Then, you have the capability to run any type of business. Cost factor is the biggest advantage of selling your products online. The retail space is expensive and the traffic is limited to a local market only. An online store is always cheap and easy to manage. Considering these factors, you cannot afford not to sell online.

The Fugitive Slave Act essays

The Fugitive Slave Act essays As the evolution of this report on Fugitive Slave Act goes into progression you will learn about what this act changed in the world we live in today. This report will help you understand what differences this Act bought forth to the nation in a whole. I will cover plenty of aspects to make up what the Fugitive Slave Act stood for. On January 29, 1850, the 70-year-old Clay presented a compromise. For eight months members of Congress, led by Clay, Daniel Webster, Senator from Massachusetts, and John C. Calhoun, senator from South Carolina, debated the compromise. With the help of Stephen Douglas, a young Democrat from Illinois, a series of bills that would make up the compromise were ushered through Congress. The Fugitive Slave Act was created in 1850 as a part of groups of laws. Those laws were in reference to the Compromise of 1850. It was created in the compromise that antislavery advocated to the gain of California to be as a free state. The group of laws that were created mandated the return of runaway slaves, regardless of where in the Union they might be situated at the time of their discovery or capture.(Foner)Along with the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the ratification of Kansas' admission for free statehood; this legislation is part of the chain of events which culminated in the American Civil War. The Kansas-Nebraska Act stated that slavery question would be decided by popular sovereignty. In addition, Fugitive Slave Act prohibited slave-trading in the District of Columbia and also required that the citizens be assistants in the recovery of fugitive slaves. It also denied a fugitive's right to a jury trial. Ironically, the passage of this law grew great resentment by the abolitionists. The abolitionists detested the law because majority of the Americans embraced the law. The reason this act was created to free slaves and make abolitionists resolve their differences and put an end to slavery. Even though it was ...

Films of Alfred Hitchcock Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Films of Alfred Hitchcock - Essay Example In this paper, the focus lies on a 1960 Alfred Hitchcock film, Psycho where a theme comprising of violence, sex and phallic proxy will be discussed. This horror movie, which has won several awards, has continued to be listed among the best-produced films especially because of encompassing several themes. The story focuses on a secretary, Marion Crane, who together with the boyfriend has financial issues. The duo’s marriage plans are adversely affected by the huge debts they have to pay. When Crane meets Sam, the boyfriend, for lunch the latter tells the fiancà ©e that all the money they would get will have to pay the fast-accruing debt. Upon finishing the lunch, Crane goes back to the workplace where the boss instructs the secretary to deposit some $40,000 to the bank paid by a client for a service. Interestingly, Crane seeks permission to take the afternoon off, but plans to run away with the cash (Smith, p11). As noted with the other movies, there is hardly a film with a single theme; many have more than even two, and Psycho is no exception. Even though it has a number of these, this paper, as already indicated will primarily focus on sexuality, violence and phallic of proxy. When Crane decides to vanish with her employer’s money, the boss unfortunately, sees her. Consequently, this causes her to be nervous, and makes wrong decisions in the process. After overcoming the seemingly opposition fronted by a police officer who finds her asleep, Crane continues to a motel called Bates motel, belonging to a Mr. Norman Bates(Smith, p14). Up to that point, one can see several themes including that of symbolic economy. First, when Crane decided to steal the money, the financial pressure she was experiencing catalyzed the decision. It is not always that horror movies are used in relation to money-related issues, and especially in matter of debts. Yet, movies have a way of affecting people in a number of positive

Nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 14

Nursing - Assignment Example The article did bring out the role of public health department in the health of the community. Some of the activities of the activities of these nurses to the community outlined in the article include control of communicable diseases, administration of immunization, prevention of chronic diseases, family planning awareness and provision of safe food and drinking water to persons affected (Carolyn & Karen, 2011). The article clearly outlines the ability and potentials possessed by these groups of health workers. Public health nurses in the community based in creates safety networking by with other community agencies, identify risks affecting the community and intervene to provide solutions where possible, provision of health education especially to vulnerable population, and identify the problem and provide solutions before the problem advances. The author brought out challenges facing these groups of workers in the course of delivering their services, which affects effectiveness and fulfillment of their role. Lack of job security and inadequate staffing emerged as the serious problems affecting them. The author’s conclusion on the issue of public health nurses indicate that there are adequate resources and facilities are provided for effective service delivery and effective utilization of resources (Carolyn & Karen, 2011). The article managed to bring out and clearly demonstrates the striking issues affecting public health nurses and the efforts instilled to solve these issues, imposition of cost effective systems for disease prevention and health improvement of the community’s health. Having knowledge and understanding about the community is significant for health nurses, since policy makers and health planners when dealing with matters affecting the community will use the information. Community involvement by these groups of persons in meeting their welfare and ensuring that the needs of the community are met is an issue to

Internal Controls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Internal Controls - Essay Example The accounting function should be given to an individual who does not have the custody of the collections (Meigs & Meigs, 1993). There is a possibility of the head usher and the record keeper working together to under-report the collections made, with a sharing of the pocketed amounts. They can work together to undermine the system. If the head usher were to count the collection in front of the other ushers, it could serve as a counter-verification of the collections. But here again there is a possibility of the head usher working together with the other ushers to pocket some money. In fact the Rector of the Church should be present when the ushers gather together, give their separate collections to the head usher and then the total money is put together and counted. The installation of a surveillance camera in the basement room in secret, and another on the way down at a strategic point should be accomplished without anyone’s knowledge except for the Rector of the Church. Ano ther loophole is available because the Church asks all check contributors to make their checks payable to Cash. This amounts to giving a chance to anyone who pockets a check to cash the money without being detected.

Moral of Washington Irvings The Legend of Sleepy Hollow Essay

Moral of Washington Irving's The Legend of Sleepy Hollow In Washington Irving’s short story â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow,† the conflict between Enlightenment and Romantic ideals is narrativized. Irving’s story is an exploration of the conflict between these two schools of thought. Irving uses his setting, his characters, and his â€Å"moral† (or lack thereof) to critique the Enlightenment. At first reading, â€Å"Sleepy Hollow† may seem no more than a dreamy folk tale. But when read in the context of the emerging resistance to Enlightenment thinking, it reveals itself to be a striking denunciation of the ideals of the Enlightenment. The Age of Enlightenment was characterized by the reign of reason. Enlightenment thinkers believed in the supremacy of reason above all other human faculties, and in the perfectibility of man and therefore society. Scientific understanding and the pursuit of knowledge were key pursuits in this time. Materialism was emphasized as an overt rejection of the superstition of the Middle Ages. The ideals of the Enlightenment were rationality, objectivism, and the â€Å"enlightened† society based on pragmatism. In â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow,† Irving uses all of the tools at his disposal as a storyteller to illustrate his criticism of Enlightenment ideals. First of all, he creates an atmosphere and a setting where reason is at a loss. Also, he uses the character of Ichabod Crane to embody Enlightenment principles, and then has this character become a figure of ridicule. Additionally, Irving uses his conclusion to poke fun at the Enlightenment idea of literature as being necessarily didactic. All of these elements come together to provide a thorough indictment of the Enlightenment. ... ...e. He then has the storyteller himself question the veracity of the story with his final line, â€Å"’I don’t believe one-half of it myself,’† which scorns not just the importance of a moral, but again questions the importance of truth and verifiability. While Irving may poke fun at the idea of a simplistic moral, a clear maxim that one can easily digest, he nevertheless infuses his work with a message. If any â€Å"moral† could be taken from â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow,† it is that there are some places where reason cannot guide us. The possibility of a place where reason and rationality are no longer useful is a direct and sharp critique of the ideals of the Enlightenment. Through his â€Å"tools of the trade† as a storyteller, Irving effectively denounces the limits of Enlightenment thinking, and opens the door for the possibilities of Romanticism and the Gothic.

System Security Criteria

Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC) is applied in classifying and evaluating the computer security in any given system especially where sensitive information is involved. For that reason any organization such as Medical Credential Company has to initially consider a few factors as well as meet security criteria as provided by TCSEC. There exists four divisions (D,C,B, and A) and C,B, and A are further divided into classes but in the context of this study, only classes C-2 (Controlled Access Protection) and B-3 (Security Domains) will be considered.By choosing Class C-2 means that the company opts for Discretionary Security Protection which is under Division C. class C-2 offers defense of the sensitive information/data ‘against and detection of user abuse of authority and direct probing’. Besides, class C-2 also protects the system form activities of non-users and users who may not be using malicious programs. Class C-2 employs security controls for all ob jects in the system which may be personal files and/or specific devices.Subsequently, an individual is supposed to identify and authenticate him/her –self before login into the system and after using a track record of what he/she has done is kept. Therefore Class C-2 puts emphasis on audit trail for evaluation purposes. For that reason, it calls for a selective method to record all events which have occurred and tools to examine the audit record (DoD, 1985). On the other hand, Class B-3 which falls under Mandatory Security Protection, Division B, puts emphasis on security domains in the system.Systems that conform to Class B-3 criteria enforce what Class C-2 criteria entails, discretionary security policies, and its policy. Therefore, Class B-3 is has more has security features compared to class C-2. Reason being substantial confidence is created that the computer system is protected against misuse techniques for instance human error, direct probing, and abuse of authority by users.In particular Class B-3 protects the system from intentional subversions of the computer security methods hence it is widely employed in addressing defense mechanisms against malicious programs. Besides, a computer system that meets security requirements for Class B3 entails security kernel which implements a reference monitor principle which lacks in Class C-2. Both of these classes entail security requirements -classified under policy, accountability, and assurance- aimed at regulating access to information.Security policy, marking, identification, and accountability specify what control measures that needs to be put in place to regulate access to information. Besides, assurance and continuous protection provides guidelines on how a person can obtain credible assurance that overall security is achieved in a trusted system but security requirements in the two classes differ (DoD, 1985; Nibaldi, 1979). Figure 1.Table of security requirements for classes C2 and B3. Legend: â⠂¬Å"x† -no requirement; â€Å"-† class has same requirements as the next lower class; â€Å"R†-class has extra requirement over the lower classes. NB: Adopted from DoD 5200. 28-STD The security requirements outlined in the above table are functionally-oriented and it is in order for the security manager of the company to consider employing security controls first.Considering the security criteria employed by Class B3, as a security manager in the company, it would be better to seek certification for Class B3. References DoD. (1985, December). DoD standard: Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria, DoD 5200. 28-STD. Retrieved August 22, 2010 from http://www. dynamoo. com/orange/fulltext. htm Nibaldi, G. H. (1979, November). Specification of A Trusted Computing Base, M79-228, AD-A108- 831 (TCB), MITRE Corp. , Bedford, Mass.

Dwecks Growth Mindset to Close the Achievement Gap

Teachers often use words of praise to motivate their students. But saying â€Å"Great job!† or â€Å"You must be smart at this!† may not have the positive effect that teachers hope to communicate. Research shows that there are forms of praise that may reinforce a student’s belief that he or she is either â€Å"smart† or â€Å"dumb†. That belief in a fixed or static intelligence may prevent a student from trying or persisting at a task. A student may either think â€Å"If I am already smart, I don’t need to work hard,† or â€Å"If I am dumb, I won’t be able to learn.† So, how can teachers intentionally change the ways students think about their own intelligence? Teachers can encourage students, even low-performing, high-needs students, to engage and achieve by helping them to develop a growth mindset. Carol Dwecks Growth Mindset Research The concept of a growth mindset was first suggested by Carol Dweck, a  Lewis and Virginia Eaton Professor of Psychology at Stanford University. Her book, Mindset: The New Psychology of Success  (2007) is based on her research with students that suggests that teachers can help develop what is called a growth mindset in order to improve student academic performance. In multiple studies, Dweck noticed the difference in a students performance when they believed that their intelligence was static versus students who believed that their intelligence could be developed. If students believed in a static intelligence, they exhibited such a strong desire to look smart that they tried to avoid challenges. They would give up easily, and they ignored helpful criticism. These students also tended not to expend efforts on tasks they saw as fruitless. Finally, these students felt threatened by the success of other students. In contrast, students who felt that intelligence can be developed exhibited a desire to embrace challenges and to demonstrate persistence. These students accepted helpful criticism and learned from advice. They also were inspired by the success of others. Praising Students Dwecks research saw teachers as agents of change in having students move from fixed to growth mindsets. She advocated that teachers work intentionally to move students from a belief that they are â€Å"smart† or â€Å"dumb† to being motivated instead to â€Å"work hard† and â€Å"show effort. As simple as it sounds, the way teachers praise students can be critical in helping students make this transition.   Before Dweck, for example, standard phrases of praise that teachers might use with their students would sound like, I told you that you were smart, or You are such a good student! With Dwecks research, teachers who want students to develop a growth mindset should praise student efforts using a variety of different phrases or questions. These are suggested phrases or questions that can allow students to feel accomplished at any point in a task or assignment: You kept working and concentratedHow did you do that?You studied and your improvement shows this!What do you plan to do next?Are you pleased with what you did? Teachers can contact parents to provide them information to support a students growth mindset. This communication (report cards, notes home, e-mail, etc.) can give parents a better understanding of the attitudes that students should have  as they develop a growth mindset. This information can alert a parent to a students curiosity, optimism, persistence, or social intelligence as it relates to academic performance. For example, teachers can update parents using statements such as: Student completed what she began Student tried very hard despite some initial failure Student stayed motivated, even when things didn’t go wellStudent approached new tasks with excitement and energyStudent asked questions that showed he or she had a desire to learn  Student adapted to changing social situations Growth Mindsets and the Achievement Gap Improving academic performance of high needs students is a common goal for schools and districts. The U.S. Department of Education defines high needs students as those who are at risk of educational failure or otherwise in need of special assistance and support. The criteria for high needs (any one or combination of the following) include students who: Are living in povertyAttend high-minority schools (as defined in the Race to the Top application)Are far below grade levelHave left school before receiving a regular high school diplomaAre at risk of not graduating with a diploma on timeAre homelessAre in foster careHave been incarceratedHave disabilitiesAre English learners High-needs students in a school or district are often placed in a demographic subgroup for purposes of comparing their academic performance with those of other students. Standardized tests used by states and districts can measure  the differences in the performance between a high needs subgroup within a school and the statewide average performance or a states highest achieving subgroups, especially in the subject areas of reading/language arts and mathematics. The standardized assessments required by each state are used to evaluate school and district performance. Any difference in the average score between student groups, such as regular education students and high needs students, measured by standardized assessments is used to identify what is called the achievement gap in a school or district. Comparing the data on student performance for regular education and subgroups allows schools and districts a way to determine if they are meeting the needs of all students. In meeting these needs, a targeted strategy of helping students to develop a growth mindset  may minimize the achievement gap. Growth Mindset in Secondary Schools Starting to develop a students growth mindset early in a students academic career, during pre-school, kindergarten, and the elementary school grades ​can have long-lasting effects. But using the growth mindset approach within the structure of secondary schools (grades 7-12) may be more complicated. Many secondary schools are structured in ways that may isolate students into different academic levels. For already high performing students, many middle and high schools may offer  pre-advanced placement, honors, and advanced placement (AP) courses. There may be international  baccalaureate (IB) courses or other early college credit experiences. These offerings may inadvertently contribute to what Dweck discovered in her research, that students have already adopted a fixed mindset — the belief that they are either â€Å"smart† and able to take high-level coursework or they are â€Å"dumb† and there is no way to change their academic path. There are also some secondary schools that may engage in tracking, a practice that intentionally separates students by academic ability. In tracking students may be separated in all subjects or in a few classes using classifications such as above average, normal, or below average. High needs students may fall disproportionately in the lower ability classes. To counter the effects of tracking, teachers can try employing growth mindset strategies to motivate all students, including high needs students, to take on challenges and persist in what may seem difficult tasks. Moving students from a belief in the limits of intelligence can counter the argument for tracking by increasing academic achievement for all students, including high needs subgroups.   Manipulating Ideas on Intelligence Teachers who encourage students to take academic risks may find themselves listening to students more as students express their frustrations and their successes in meeting academic challenges. Questions such as Tell me about it or Show me more and Let’s see what you did can be used to encourage students to see efforts as a path to achievement and also give them a sense of control.   Developing a growth mindset can happen at any grade level, as Dweck’s research has shown that student ideas about intelligence can be manipulated in schools by educators in order to have a positive impact on academic achievement.